Showing posts with label Asian-Americans. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Asian-Americans. Show all posts

Triple Homicide in Greensboro

Advocates don’t have a problem talking about refugees and the conditions that cause extreme hardship and violence in their lives—as long they happen in their countries.  

But when they happen here, we’re silent. 

IF I WAS an American trying to understand the terrible triple homicide that took place a short time ago in Greensboro, I would want to learn all I could about the background of the alleged shooter and his accomplices. I'd be challenged to go into the Montagnard community, a historically difficult refugee group to reach, and try to make contacts. I could talk to some of the known spokespersons for the community but that's about as far as I might be able to go. Only a handful speak English fluently.
Violence here. When the story broke, reporters contacted American agencies seeking to verify names. Eventually I picked up on the email thread and responded. (“Nie” not the unlikely “Wie” and proper pronunciation of last names, which were botched anyway in the evening’s broadcast.)  Graphic from the News-Record.

To broaden my contacts would require interpreters for the several languages spoken by Montagnards, but in such a small and tight knit group it is impossible to ask around without everyone knowing my intention. If community members are used to being tight lipped and are already separated from me by huge language and cultural barriers, then my attempts to investigate would be difficult and probably result in failure.

Violence abroad. From a postcard purchased at the US Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, DC. Easy to talk about when it’s thousands of miles away?

A detective on the case, a public defender assigned to represent the alleged shooter, a policeman who patrols refugee neighborhoods, a school teacher or caseworker who works with the families involved are all severely disadvantaged because of these barriers. I guess that the four defendants in the case will each require a qualified interpreter. That alone strains the community's resources. Unless serious steps are taken now to establish permanent ties, American authorities and public officials will continue to be handicapped in their duties, unable to understand the communities that live here, unable to understand their motives, unable to serve them, unable to anticipate or head off terrible events like July's shootings.

My father was one of just two Asian undercover agents working for the US Department of Justice. At the time, Chinese organized crime syndicates on the West and East coast dealt in drug, prostitution and gambling operations and defied American law enforcement investigation. With no Chinese-American police officers, no relations with America's Chinatowns, and no understanding of the Chinese immigrant experience, local authorities turned a blind eye to crimes inside the Chinese-American community. When police showed up up, people shut up— no sense taking risks since the police weren't reliable anyway. Silence prevailed because of community fear, threats of retaliation, and the general disinterest by most Americans about what went on after the tourists went home. More than a few times my mom alone with us kids got anonymous phone calls. Our family was threatened by guys who were headed to jail, promised a bomb or other acts of violence when they got out. My dad kept a police billy club stowed under the driver's seat. He also had a set of brace knuckles. He took this job, going against prevailing community attitudes, because he was a war veteran with combat experience and PTSD, still looking for adventure. He was also a pretty tough guy able to hold his own.



This happened back in the 1950's. Today Chinese-Americans have been in America for over one hundred years. Only in the past couple of decades have we begin to see real progress. Here in Greensboro we behave as if it was still the 1950's. Our ignorance is staggering despite the monumental shifts in demographics reported by the city in the latest census. Today, advocates are quick to spout reams of information about refugee camp conditions, the history of government repression in refugees’ home countries, whether they're animist or evangelical Christian and talk about individual stories from individuals and families who underwent extreme brutality and loss before their arrival here. Such stories appear almost regularly in local news media. And they almost all end the same way: The family is glad to be here in beautiful Greensboro and thankful to us for our help. We love such stories. They confirm we live in a great place and we're such good people to help them. Organizations that work with refugees have no problem promoting celebrations like the Mosaic Festival in downtown Greensboro. But we have practically nothing to say when tragedies like the July shootings take place, just when our voices and material support are needed.

We probably know more about refugees' past lives in foreign lands than we do about their present circumstances and struggles here in Greensboro.

The Montagnard community is not so large that positive changes can't be made quickly. Like you'll find in most refugee and immigrant communities, its members are genuinely interested in becoming part of mainstream community life. 

Here's a story I once heard about an Asian business here in the region. I won't name the ethnic group or nationality or other details, but it goes like this: A certain business needed investors and funds — a very large sum — were raised from many community members here in the area. The owner fled overseas with the money until tracked down by that group's mafia. The business eventually opened and is doing well.

What's the point?

You'll never read about it in the News-Record or anywhere else, for that matter.

Cultural Exchange Changes Minds

06/22/2011 v1
One-Page Position Paper
PDF printable version
 Two very different groups, American art students and local   
 refugees, show how social networking and digital media tools can 
 combine to connect communities.


PIEDMONT CITIES HAVE STRUGGLED to understand refugee and immigrant populations, who remain deeply socially disconnected. Could the arts help? Led by Dr Bob King, more than 50 students at UNC School of the Arts met members of the Montagnard community and collaborated on The Global Village Revisited, an intercultural documentary video project designed to find common ground between two extremes: the highly literate, Western academy and a largely preliterate refugee community. Musicians, actors, stage technicians, dancers and filmmakers were energized through their discovery of a people who shared their passion for the arts and rediscovered the meaning and importance of culture.

Events included…
• Traditional musicians like Rmah Dock, 1996 NC Heritage Award recipient
• Skype conversation with Mondega, MTV artist of the week
• Urban farming as practiced by Montagnard war veteran Thomas Eban
• Montagnard refugee resettlement overview presented by Dr Raleigh Bailey, CNNC
• Womens’ perspectives: Storytelling through cooking
• Backstrap weaving at Glenwood neighborhood’s Glenfest
• Mosaic Festival celebrating refugee and immigrant diversity in Downtown Greensboro
• Memorial Day at the Asheboro Dega Farm
• Meeting community members at MDA’s ESOL class
IN A COURSE SURVEY, EVEN THOSE WHO SAID “NO” HAD THEIR VIEWS CHANGED*
* Participants who answered No to either or both end-of-course questions: 1) Did you enjoy and learn from the class project? 2) Do you think it would be good to continue this project next year?
• I did enjoy the exposure to the culture....
• I ended up really enjoying the interaction with the Montagnards...
• At first, I was kind of unsure about the whole thing... but I ended up really enjoying it, and I think I took a lot from it...
• It was a great experience that I would otherwise have never been involved with...
• … Learning about a different culture and actually getting to speak with them and ask them questions was very interesting to me. I went out to the festival in Downtown Greensboro and I found it extremely enjoyable. I absolutely plan on going back next year...
• I didn't know anything about the Montagnards before start of this class. It was SO interesting (especially because I'm not from here, just like them)... it was awesome to learn about them.
TOTAL RESPONSE WAS OVERWHELMINGLY POSITIVE
• 87% of participants said they benefited from the project.
• As artists, they are natural agents of change.  They are inspired by diversity; they inspire others.
• Digital tools powerfully changed the way they viewed and defined their communities.
• Documentary approach and field trips challenged participants to get out of their “comfort zone”.
• Finding and creating stories — not sound bytes or digital fragments — returned them to Marshal McCluhan’s Global Village and the roots of the performing arts.

Greensboro is Brown

Refugees and Diversity > Census > Greensboro is Brown
Leadership needs to catch up
Glenwood Glenfest 2011. Greensboro is a city of many colors

The City has moved from a majority white to a minority white city from 2000 to 2010, as revealed by the latest Census data. More than 10,000 are Asian, a category whose number has doubled over the past ten years. 

In the next ten years diverse communities should expect to support city and community leadership that reflect these new numbers.


                                                         
 Number       
Percent    
POPULATION 
Total population
269,666
100.0


RACE 
One race
262,586
97.4
White
130,396
48.4

Black or African American
109,586
40.6
American Indian and Alaska Native
1,385
0.5

Asian
10,772
4.0

Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
157
0.1

Some Other Race
10,290
3.8
Two or More Races
7,080
2.6



HISPANIC OR LATINO AND RACE 
Hispanic or Latino (of any race)
20,336
7.5

Not Hispanic or Latino
249,330
92.5

One race
243,759
90.4

White
122,888
45.6

Black or African 
108,233
40.1

American Indian and Alaska Native
1,096
0.4

Asian
10,711
4.0

Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
128
0.0

Some Other Race
703
0.3

Two or More Races
5,571
2.1




Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census.
2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File, Tables P1, P2, P3, P4, H1.




WHY MONTAGNARDS?

04/12/2011 v1
One-page position paper
PDF printable version

What our treatment of this refugee community says about us


WE HAVE FOCUSED ON THE MONTAGNARD community because it represents one of the oldest refugee groups in Greensboro and most likely, the largest. Montagnards are from the indigenous tribes of Vietnam that fought alongside American forces during the Vietnam War. Although they have been with us a long time, we have not yet envisioned or created a good system for responding to their needs and interests. We recognize that the experiences of refugees are an integral part of our community. As such, their problems are our problems.  

• We need to work harder to serve the Montagnard group well and create a vision and system that are models for other refugee groups coming here.
• Everyone acknowledges the current system is unsustainable. We believe refugees are not the problem but an important part of Greensboro's future. As such, they must be engaged now in the important business of community building.
• We think the time is ripe to consolidate and leverage our collective knowledge, to clearly explain a new vision, and build a sustainable model for the future.

UNTAPPED KNOWLEDGE AND TALENT
• No media, programming, educational information, etc. in native Montagnard languages produced here
• Experienced farmers and agriculturalists rarely find employment that uses their expertise or plant knowledge
• Skilled craftsmen and artists lack basic materials and space to practice their work
• Talented young people are not targeted for college recruitment, counseling or scholarships
• Elderly language experts are not employed to teach native languages or promote culture
• Known health workers such as doctors and nurses have not been enlisted to solve community health problems.

WHY TOMORROW ISN’T GOOD ENOUGH
• Known drug, alcohol, domestic violence, gang and other problems
• Most live in poverty or near poverty decades after being resettled here
• Known chronic health problems associated with lifestyle and diet
• Poor communications with the community
• Most unable to access good healthcare for all family members
• Many suffer from culture and language isolation
• Montagnards have been here since 1986. We should be doing better to assist them and all refugees 

COMMUNITY BUILDING MEANS EQUAL PARTNERSHIP
• Respect Montagnard values and interests
• Replace individual “self-sufficiency” with individual and community “empowerment”
• Involve community on all levels of decision-making as equal partners
• Adequately fund Montagnard Dega Association and Montagnard Human Rights Organization
• Use the wellness of our largest and oldest refugee community as a direct reflection of our collective community building skills, our vision and commitment to improving refugee lives.




Diet, Food and Health Concept Map (Updated)

(Refugee and Diversity Projects) > Health > Diet, Food and Health Concept Map

A MONTAGNARD-CENTRIC APPROACH TO DIET AND HEALTH

Newer version. Click to enlarge.


Old version. Click to enlarge.
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BMI chart. Click to enlarge
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Background
I trained a Montagnard women’s lay community health team to assist UNCG researchers contact families, schedule interviews and interpret. A survey about food insecurity required the team to understand the relationship of behaviors and lifestyle choices to health problems in their community.
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THIS MAP CONTAINS TERMS I used and developed to explain the relationship of key concepts contained in a Food Insecurity survey. The map could have started at any point, but I started with the question the Montagnard women health team asked, “Am I fat?”, when they asked me how they could lose weight.

What worked? they asked. Diet tea? Brown rice? Weight pills?

Why did they wish to lose weight? I asked.

How do you know you’re fat to begin with? led to the concept of BMI, how to read a BMI chart and how to use a scale and how to measure yourself. Then these exercises were carried out in Betsy's MDA ESOL class the next day with community members and the women working side by side. The next set of questions from the women came the day after, asking if many people they tested seemed to have BMI numbers then why was there so much illness in the community, like high blood pressure, stroke, diabetes, etc? At this point, they had arrived at the same place as Jigna Dharod, the researcher who assigned them to conduct the survey.

Now they could understand why the Food Insecurity survey asked community members about what they ate and when, where they shopped, and what did they eat in Vietnam. Fatness leads to all kinds of major diseases in Americans, but for the Montagnards it appears heavy salt is the culprit, along with far less physical exertion and exercise. For weeks we studied these questions, their meaning and how they related to their experience in Vietnam villages, in the jungle and here in the US. By looking at it from their viewpoint and walking their path towards understanding, I believe the women have a far stronger idea of the influence of diet on health than they would have had we kept to American health literature, explanations, and cultural ideas.
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